Place the footnote at the bottom of the page on which it’s discussed. 3) For any subsequent references to the same footnote, include a parenthetical note.
If you create a footnote for the original source, you will also need to create an entry for the original source in the list of Works Cited. Example Sociologists examinedover eighteen months 1 the effects of cultural diversity. 124, 3.4), e.g.: 1 See Marcel Proust, On Reading (New York: Macmillan, 1971), 3, qtd. You may document the original source ("Proust") in a footnote provide a number for a footnote (p. If the original source is not available, cite the indirect (secondary) source, i.e. Whenever possible, take material from the original source, rather than citing an indirect source (p. Proust and the Squid: The Story of the Reading Brain. Indirect sources Parenthetical (in-text)Īs Marcel Proust reminisced: "There are perhaps no days of our childhood we lived so fully as those. These are the guidelines we followed to develop the following examples for you. The 8th edition of the MLA Handbook does not list specific rules on how to cite a DVD, a book, a journal article, etc., but instead outlines a universal set of general guidelines of citation and documentation that can be applied to any source type, including indirect sources.
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